A new finding may explain neurological complications in HIV patients

Despite medical advancements that have allowed individuals with HIV to live longer with the disease and potentially avoid AIDS, many infected people who undergo treatment still experience neurological symptoms such as memory loss or problems with learning.

However, a recent study published in the Journal of Neuroscience indicated that even small amounts of HIV present in cells called astrocytes can break down the blood-brain barrier and allow potentially harmful pathogens to pass through the network of protective blood vessels.

"Researchers have been stymied to explain why HIV-associated neurological complications persist, despite potent combination antiviral therapies that have dramatically improved health and survival," said HIV expert Igor Grant.

The scientists noted that as many as 60 percent of HIV patients who undergo proper treatment experience neurological symptoms. They said their findings may provide a basis for future medications that can inhibit HIV-infected astrocyte cells from transmitting signals that kill surround blood-brain barrier cells.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 1.1 million Americans are living with HIV. However, early detection of the disease may help individuals avoid related health complications.